Stay ConnectedOutdoor Recreation, 5th ed.
This 5th edition of the groundbreaking Outdoor Recreation: Enrichment for a Lifetime textbook continues to put a thoughtful and insightful spotlight on outdoor recreation. Beginning with an exploration of our dual relationship with nature, that of user and aficionado, readers touch upon a spiritual relationship with nature brought to life through fascinating profiles of the early transcendentalists, naturalists, and practitioners. Not only were they deeply impacted by nature, their words and actions impacted others in new ways. The fields of psychology and sociology show us why nature is appealing, soothing, and beneficial to human beings. Because nature impacts our well-being, effective management of our natural resources is a must. Stewards are equipped with managerial skills and also a thorough understanding of the socioeconomic factors that have a direct bearing on outdoor recreational pursuits.
Part Two provides a description of the federal, state, and local resources as well as their varying management styles. Other resources are also discussed such as private and semipublic organizations and commercial enterprises related to outdoor recreation. We also look at Canada’s outdoor identity, its territories, and the emergence of federal and provincial parks.
Part Three examines the management of outdoor resources and the practice of education in the outdoors An expansive presentation of activities enjoyed on the land, on the waters, in the snow, and in the air is presented. Finally, future managers and recreation participants learn about the state of the environment that impacts the outdoor recreation settings and the importance of an ethic of responsible stewardship.
Throughout the textbook, well-designed figures, informative charts, and on-point examples are interspersed that help the student to grasp the subject matter. The more than 90 photographs bring the material alive. Helpful pedagogical materials including both presentational and evaluative tools are available for the educators at www.sagamorepub.com.
Dedication
Contents
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Introduction
PART 1: The Fundamentals of Outdoor Recreation
1 Foundations of Outdoor Recreation
HUMANS, PLAY, AND RITUAL
LEISURE OR RECREATION
THE EMERGENCE OF OUTDOOR RECREATION
RECENT TRENDS IN OUTDOOR RECREATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
2 Nature and the Spiritual Life
A SPIRITUAL RELATIONSHIP TO NATURE
NATURE, DANCE, AND CEREMONY
THE WESTERN VIEW OF NATURE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
3 Visionaries and Pioneers
THE TRANSCENDENTALISTS
THE NATURALISTS
THE PRACTITIONER PIONEERS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
4 Psychology and the Natural Environment
LEISURE AS A STATE OF MIND
TRAITS AND THE LEISURE EXPERIENCE
ENVIRONMENT AND THE LEISURE EXPERIENCE
THE EXPERIENCE OF NATURE
MOTIVATION, HUMAN NEEDS, AND LEISURE
SATISFACTION, ATTITUDES, AND THE LEISURE EXPERIENCE
PSYCHOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF LEISURE EXPERIENCE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
5 The Social Aspects of Outdoor Recreation
THE NATURE OF HUMAN SOCIETY
SOCIALIZATION AND LEISURE BEHAVIOR
PRIMARY GROUPS AND LEISURE PURSUITS
LEISURE AND SECONDARY GROUPS
DEMOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF OUTDOOR PURSUITS
OUTDOOR PURSUITS AND DISABILITY
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
6 The Economics of Outdoor Pursuits
THE NATURE OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM
NATIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACT
PRICING AND MANAGING
REGIONAL AND LOCAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS
OUTDOOR RESOURCES AND TAXATION
COMMERCIAL, PRIVATE OUTDOOR RECREATION
CAREERS IN OUTDOOR RECREATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Part 2: Outdoor Resources
7 Federal Resources and Recreation
USDA FOREST SERVICE
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM
THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES
NATIONAL WILDERNESS PRESERVATION SYSTEM
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
8 State Resources and Recreation
THE STATE AND OUTDOOR RECREATION
STATE PARKS
STATE FORESTS
NATURE PRESERVES
FISH AND WILDLIFE AREAS
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES
CALIFORNIA AND OUTDOOR RECREATION: A CASE STUDY
STATE COASTAL CONSERVANCY
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
9 Local Resources and Recreation
LOCAL GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE
FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND LEISURE SERVICES
FINANCING LOCAL RECREATION
SOURCES FOR CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT
EXAMPLES OF LOCAL OFFERINGS
PROBLEMS IN LOCAL OFFERINGS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
10 Other Outdoor Recreational Resources
PERSONAL RESOURCES
PRIVATE ORGANIZATION RESOURCES
SEMIPUBLIC ORGANIZATION RESOURCES
INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS RESOURCES
COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
11 Outdoor Recreation in Canada
BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW OF CANADA AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
THE CANOE
EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT OF CANADA
ROLE OF THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT IN CREATING AND PROTECTING NATIONAL PARKS
ROLE OF THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT IN CREATING AND PROTECTING PROVINCIAL PARKS
OUTDOOR RECREATIONAL RESOURCES IN CANADA’S TERRITORIES 326
INDIGENOUS-LED CONSERVATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Part 3: Management, Education, and Participation
12 Management Policies in Outdoor Recreation
PRESERVATION POLICY
WILDERNESS PRESERVATION, PRINCIPLES, AND STEWARDSHIP
MULTIPLE-USE POLICY
CLASSIFICATION OF RECREATIONAL RESOURCES
PLANNING FOR OUTDOOR RECREATION
NATIONAL OUTDOOR RECREATION PLANS
STATE OUTDOOR RECREATION PLANS
LOCAL OUTDOOR RECREATION PLANS
SITE OR PROJECT PLANS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
13 Management Procedures in Outdoor Recreation
BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT
CARRYING CAPACITY
ESTIMATING USE RATES
Carrying Capacity Is an Evolving Concept
FINANCING OUTDOOR RECREATION
FEES FOR OUTDOOR RECREATION
VISITOR MANAGEMENT
AREA MANAGEMENT: SPECIAL CASES
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT: SPECIAL CASES
LAW AND OUTDOOR RECREATION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
14 Education in the Outdoors
TERMINOLOGY
HISTORY
OUTDOOR EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS
NONSCHOOL AGENCY CONTRIBUTIONS TO OUTDOOR EDUCATION
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
15 Outdoor Recreational Activities
ADVENTURES ON LAND
ADVENTURES ON SNOW
ADVENTURES IN WHITEWATER RIVERS
ADVENTURES IN THE OCEAN
ADVENTURES IN THE AIR
VIEWING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
ORIENTEERING AND CAMPING
SUMMARY
ORGANIZATIONS
REFERENCES
16 The Environment
THE ENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENT
THE NATURE OF ECOSYSTEMS
NATURE CHANGING
AIR POLLUTION AND ACID RAIN IN RECREATION AREAS
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS AND OUTDOOR RECREATION
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
NOISE POLLUTION
WILDLIFE
NIGHT SKIES
HARMONY WITH NATURE
THE EARTH IS SACRED
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Epilogue