Stay ConnectedAdventure Programming and Travel for the 21st Century
An introduction to adventure programming, Adventure Programming and Travel for the 21st Century discusses hot topics such as climate change, risk management, technology, sustainability, and conservation—issues that are confronting the world in new and challenging ways. The book links the adventure profession to the environmental and sustainability fields of study and suggests a forward-thinking approach to the adventure profession from a range of perspectives, using key chapters and detailed case studies.
The wealth of knowledge of the editors and contributors extends from higher education into areas such as government recreation, adventure travel, sport tourism, environmental interpretation, and more. They serve in professional organizations such as NOLS, Outward Bound, the Institute for Outdoor Learning, and World Expeditions.
Designed for undergraduates, graduate students, and practitioners, this book is also intended for the adventure specialist who has responsibility for planning and managing adventure travel and programming products and services with consideration of group dynamics, finance, dimensions of sustainability, human resources, ethics, risk management, marketing, and technology.
Dedications Foreword
Author Biographies
Acknowledgments
TRAIL MARKER 1
GLANCING BACK AND TREKKING FORWARD IN ADVENTURE
Chapter 1 Introduction to Adventure Programming and Travel for the 21st Century
Rosemary Black and Kelly Bricker
Case Study 1-1 Changing Landscapes: Trends in North American Adventure Programming
Andrew J. Bobilya, Tom Holman, Betsy Lindley, and Leo H. McAvoy
Case Study 1-2 Adventure Programming in Asia: The Case of Singapore
Michael Gassner and Abdul Kahlid
Case Study 1-3 The Evolution of Adventure Tourism in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Current Trends & Future Issues Susan Houge Mackenzie
TRAIL MARKER 2
PLACES AND SPACES FOR ADVENTURE
Chapter 2 Programming for Place-Responsiveness: Enhancing Adventure Learning and Outdoor Travel
Brian Wattchow and Mike Brown
Case Study 2-1 Adventure Travel and Transition of Place: The Case of Moab, Utah
Jeremy Schultz
Chapter 3 Parks and Protected Areas: A Platform for Adventure Activities
Matthew Brownlee
Case Study 3-1 Permits, Licences, Leases, and Concessions for Adventure Tourism in National Parks
Paul Eagles and Maria Legault
Chapter 4 Artificial Settings for Adventure
Aram Attarian
Case Study 4-1 Rockreation—Turning Passion to Business and Back Again
Jeff Clapp
TRAIL MARKER 3
DIVERSE OUTDOOR CONNECTIONS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
Chapter 5 Outdoor Recreation in the 21st Century
Todd Miner
Case Study 5-1 Cultivating and Recalling African American Connections to the Outdoors
Rue Mapp
Case Study 5-2 Redefining Boundaries: Building Outdoor Programs with Cross Campus Appeal
Greg Corio and Emily Hughes
Case Study 5-3 Beyond Elimination: The Survival of U-EXPLORE
John Cederquist
Case Study 5-4 Goin’ to Peru! Challenges and Issues of International Service-Learning Programs
Mary Breunig and Samantha Dear
Chapter 6 Adventure Education
Geneviève Marchand and Sarah Banks
Case Study 6-1 The Arctic Nature Guide Program at 78° North
Arild Rokenes and Sigmund Andersen
Case Study 6-2 S.U.R.G.E Journeys—Knowledge Translated into Action!
Bob Blair, Brian Kunz, Bob Nolte
Case Study 6-3 Embedding Outdoor and Adventure Education across a State Education System: A Case Study of the Residential Outdoor Schools Association, Victoria, Australia Steve McMurtrie
Case Study 6-4 High Adventure in the Florida Keys: The Florida National High Adventure Sea Base Stuart Cottrell
Case Study 6-5 Your Backyard, The Final Frontier: Considering Adventure Education through an Indigenous Lens Gregory Lowan-Trudeau
Case Study 6-6 Outward Bound: Changing Lives through Challenge and Discovery
Jackson Wilson
Chapter 7 Commercial Adventure Travel: Business at the Intersection of Nature and Commerce
Christina Beckmann
Case Study 7-1 A Case Study on Women and Adventure—“life is either a daring adventure or nothing”— The Lure of Adventure Travel for Women
Tonia Gray and Carol Birrell
Case Study 7-2 The Adventure Travel Trade Association: Growing and Professionalizing the Responsible Adventure Tourism Industry
Shannon Stowell
Case Study 7-3 A River Running History: Finding O.A.R.S.
George Wendt
Chapter 8 Adventure Therapy
Nevin J. Harper, Luk Peeters, and Cathryn Carpenter
Case Study 8-1 Bush-Based Adventure Therapy: Practice and Praxis
Paul Stolz
Case Study 8-2 Adventure Therapy and Eating Disorders: A Case Study
Kaye Richards and Barbara Smith
Chapter 9 Adventure Recreation Programming and Tourism Opportunities: Bringing Together Consumer Demands and Supplier Understandings for People with Disabilities
Ian Patterson, Simon Darcy, and Shane Pegg
Case Study 9-1 The National Ability Center: Empowering Individuals to Participate in Sport, Recreation, and Outdoor Activities
National Ability Center
Case Study 9-2 Dying to Make the Team: A Case Study Examining the Benefits for Athletic Teams in Using Team-Building Activities in Place of Traditional Hazing
Jay Johnson
Chapter 10 Corporate Adventure Experiences
Maureen Dougherty
Case Study 10-1 Corporate Adventure Training in Pakistan
Abdul Samad Khan
Chapter 11 Making Adventures Work: Balancing Group Dynamics, Communication, and Group Management Processes for Successful Experiences
Jeremy Jostad and Jeff Rose
Case Study 11-1 An Examination of Role Emergence among Group Members during a Wilderness Medical Emergency
Kay Tufts, Bruce Martin, Laura Black, and Andrew Szolosi
Case Study 11-2 Rapid Development: A Case in Group Process and Leadership
Elizabeth Andre
Chapter 12 Embracing Intentionality in Adventure Programming: The Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Adventure Experiences
Matthew Duerden and Kara Norton
Case Study 12-1 Military Teen Adventure Camps: When Design Does Not Mirror Implementation
Andrew Szolosi, Danny Twilley, and Bruce Martin
Case Study 12-2 Program Design in Residential Outdoor Schools: A Case Study from Victoria, Australia
Steve McMurtrie
Case Study 12-3 Autonomous Student Experiences: Are They Too Risky for Today’s Outdoor Adventure Program?
Andrew J. Bobilya, Brad Daniel, and Kenneth R. Kalisch
Chapter 13 Management of Adventure Programming and Travel
Patrick Tierney
Case Study 13-1 Beyond Labor: The Emotional Lifestyle of Rafting Guides
Sandro Carnicelli-Filho
Chapter 14 Financial Management and Marketing of Adventure Programs and Businesses
Patrick Tierney
Case Study 14-1 Branding the Outdoor Experience: Reflections and Approaches from an Adventure Entrepreneur Bob Blair
TRAIL MARKER 5
CURRENT ISSUES AND DILEMMAS IN ADVENTURE PROGRAMMING AND TRAVEL
Chapter 15 Ethics in Adventure Leadership
Adam Gohn and Tom Holman
Case Study 15-1 Outdoor Education for Right Relation
Alexa Scully
Case Study 15-2 Ethics and Leadership in Hawaii
Joshua Carroll
Chapter 16 Adventure Programming and Travel for the 21st Century: An Inherently Risky Business
Daniel Dustin, Nathan Bricker, and Leo McAvoy
Case Study 16-1 A Public Health Approach to Injury Prevention in Commercial Adventure Tourism Activities: A River Tubing Case Study
Damian Morgan
Chapter 17 Technology in Adventure Programming
Nate Furman and Andrew Bentley
Case Study 17-1 The Role of Technology-Mediation in the Context of Adventure Travel
Ulrike Gretzel
TRAIL MARKER 6
SUSTAINABLE ADVENTURE MANAGEMENT
Chapter 18 Sustainability in Adventure Travel and Programming: Maximizing Benefits for Cultural Preservation, Nature Conservation, and Local Residents’ Well-Being
Kelly S. Bricker and Rosemary Black
Case Study 18-1 The International Ecotourism Society: A Global Industry Network Working Toward Sustainable Tourism
Ayako Ezaki
Case Study 18-2 Achieving More Sustainable Adventure Experiences: A Case Study of Trekking with World Expeditions
Sue Badyari
Case Study 18-3 Climate Change and Adventure Travel
Heather Zeppel
Case Study 18-4 Planeterra and G Adventures
Kelly Galaski, Steve English, David Holmes, Adrienne Lee, and Daniel Sendecki
Case Study 18-5 Park and Community Impacts: Adventure Biking in Haleakala National Park
Tina M. Aldrich and Douglas Kennedy
TRAIL MARKER 7
ADVENTURE DEBRIEF
Chapter 19 Adventure Programming and Travel: Transitioning Into the 21st Century with Future Opportunities and Challenges
Rosemary Black and Kelly S. Bricker
Index